Drug-Related Problems in the transitional care of the elderly from hospital to home / Problemas Relacionados com los Medicamentos en la transición de ancianos del hospital para casa / Problemas relacionados a medicamentos na transição de idosos do hospital para casa

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the knowledge produced on Medication-Related Problems in the transitional care of the elderly from hospital to home. Method: Integrative review of the literature data, organized in six stages: guiding question; establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria; extraction of data; analyze; interpretation of results; and presentation of the review. Articles were considered among 2002 and 2017, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, in the databases LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE. Results: 10 studies were selected and analyzed. They were categorized by subject and identified in three themes: Medication Discrepancy and Reconciliation (40%); Adhesion to Medication (30%); and Adverse Drug Events (30%). Final considerations: Drug-Related Problems in the transitional care of the elderly from hospital to home, were presented as a relevant theme for nursing, involving complex issues related to care. Drug reconciliation was evidenced as a coherent and effective strategy in home care transitions for the elderly.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar el conocimiento producido sobre Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos en la transición de ancianos del hospital a casa. Método: la revisión integrativa de la literatura, organizada en seis etapas: pregunta orientadora; establecimiento de criterios de inclusión y exclusión; extracción de datos; análisis; interpretación de los resultados; y presentación de la revisión. Se consideraron los artículos entre 2002 y 2017, en portugués, inglés y español, en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL y EMBASE. Resultados: se seleccionaron y analizaron 10 estudios. Se clasificaron por tema y se identificaron tres temas: Discrepancia y Reconciliación de Medicamentos (40%); Adhesión al Medicamento (30%); y Eventos Adversos a los Medicamentos (30%). Consideraciones finales: los Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos en la transición de ancianos del hospital a casa, se presentó como un tema relevante para la enfermería, involucrando cuestiones complejas relacionadas con el cuidado. La reconciliación de medicamentos fue evidenciada como estrategia coherente y eficaz en las transiciones de cuidado del anciano a casa.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento produzido sobre Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos na transição de idosos do hospital para casa. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, organizada em seis etapas: pergunta norteadora; estabelecimento de critérios de inclusão e exclusão; extração dos dados; análise; interpretação dos resultados; e apresentação da revisão. Consideraram-se artigos entre 2002 e 2017, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e EMBASE. Resultados: foram selecionados e analisados 10 estudos. Categorizaram-se por assunto e identificaram-se três temas: Discrepância e Reconciliação de Medicamentos (40%); Adesão ao Medicamento (30%); e Eventos Adversos a Medicamentos (30%). Considerações finais: os Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos na transição de idosos do hospital para casa, apresentou-se como um tema relevante para a Enfermagem, envolvendo questões complexas relacionadas ao cuidado. A reconciliação de medicamentos foi evidenciada como estratégia coerente e eficaz nas transições de cuidado do idoso para casa.

Preventable adverse drug events in critically ill HIV patients: Is the detection of potential drug-drug interactions a useful tool?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop a strategy to identify adverse drug events associated with drug-drug interactions by analyzing the prescriptions of critically ill patients. METHODS: This retrospective study included HIV/AIDS patients who were admitted to an intensive care unit between November 2006 and September 2008. Data were collected in two stages. In the first stage, three prescriptions administered throughout the entire duration of these patients' hospitalization were reviewed, with the Micromedex database used to search for potential drug-drug interactions. In the second stage, a search for adverse drug events in all available medical, nursing and laboratory records was performed. The probability that a drug-drug interaction caused each adverse drug events was assessed using the Naranjo algorithm. RESULTS: A total of 186 drug prescriptions of 62 HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed. There were 331 potential drug-drug interactions, and 9% of these potential interactions resulted in adverse drug events in 16 patients; these adverse drug events included treatment failure (16.7%) and adverse reactions (83.3%). Most of the adverse drug reactions were classified as possible based on the Naranjo algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The approach used in this study allowed for the detection of adverse drug events related to 9% of the potential drug-drug interactions that were identified; these adverse drug events affected 26% of the study population. With the monitoring of adverse drug events based on prescriptions, a combination of the evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions by clinical pharmacy services and the monitoring of critically ill patients is an effective strategy that can be used as a complementary tool for safety assessments and the prevention of adverse drug events.

Acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico na dor crônica geriátrica: relato de caso / Pharmacotherapeutic follow up in the geriatric chronic pain: a case report / Seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en dolor geriátrico crónico: relatode caso

O presente trabalho relata o caso de uma paciente idosa que sofrede dor crônica, destacando-seos principais diagnósticos farmacêuticos encontrados,e as intervenções realizadas. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico pode contribuir de forma direta com a melhora na qualidade de vida de um/apaciente. No caso de doenças crônicas, como a dor, o acompanhamento deve ser contínuo, no sentido de garantir a adesão do paciente ao tratamento.

The present study aims to report the case of an elderly patient withchronic pain, highlighting main pharmaceutical diagnostics and interventions. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the pharmacotherapeutic monitoring can contribute directly to improving the quality of life of the patient. In the case of chronic diseases, such as pain, monitoring should be continuous in order to ensure adherence to treatment.

El presente trabajo informa el caso de un paciente anciano con dolor crónico, destacando los principales diagnósticos farmacéuticos encontrados e intervenciones realizadas. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten concluir que el seguimiento farmacoterapéutico puede contribuir directamente a mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. En el caso de enfermedades crónicas, como el dolor, la monitorización debe ser continua para garantizar el cumplimiento del tratamiento por parte del paciente.